FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY

Department of Physics

Syllabus for Biomedical Physics II - Spring 2022

PHZ 4703 - Section 1

Class web site:   http://hadron.physics.fsu.edu/~crede

Last update: 5 January 2022


Statement on Public Health Protocols

In our classroom, I will expect everyone to wear a proper, well-fitting mask. As our President has informed the university community, FSU expects everyone on campus to use face-coverings. Medical-grade face masks, such as N95 or KN95 masks, will be expected on campus. Cloth masks are less effective against the highly transmissible variants such as Delta and Omicron. In regions where virus rates are high, the CDC recommends that even vaccinated individuals wear masks in public indoor spaces, like classrooms, especially where social distancing is not possible. Florida infection and hospitalization rates are greater now than they were at the height of the 2021 winter surge due to the Omikron variant, a more infectious and easily transmissible version of the COVID-19 virus. The best way to protect against serious illness is to be fully vaccinated, but not everyone among us can be. Because the Delta and Omikron variants can infect even vaccinated individuals and can be spread by them to others, it poses a special threat to members of the community with underlying health conditions and children at home who are too young for vaccination.

For these reasons, FSU expects each member of the community to comply with the public health protocols our President set forth on December 31, 2021, including (1) wearing masks in public indoor spaces, (2) getting fully vaccinated, (3) being tested for the virus if you have symptoms, and (4) staying home and away from others if you are sick. Please remember that you should NOT attend class in person if you have tested positive for COVID-19 or are quarantining after exposure. Finally, please bear in mind that the COVID-19 situation is fast moving and that university guidance on the issue may change at any time.


Statement on Class Recordings

In this class, consistent with state law and university policy, students are permitted to make recordings of class lectures for personal use only. As noted, sharing, posting, or publishing classroom recordings may subject you to honor code violations and legal penalties associated with theft of intellectual property and violations of other state law. Moreover, students and educators have expressed concern that recording classroom activities may negatively impact the learning experience for others, especially in classes that involve questions, discussion, or participation. To protect a learning environment in which everyone feels free to experiment with ideas, we ask you refrain from recording in ways that could make others feel reluctant to ask questions, explore new ideas, or otherwise participate in class. Students must monitor their recording so that they do not include participation by other students without permission. Students with disabilities will continue to have appropriate accommodations for recordings as established by the Office of Accessibility Services.


Course Description and Goals

This is the second semester of a two-semester sequence intended to discuss the applications of physics concepts (covered in College Physics A & B) to biological systems and in medical applications. The second-semester course will cover the physics of hearing, sight, and the nervous system, as well as the physical basis of some common biomedical applications, particularly various types of medical imaging. We will discuss electricity and magnetism in biological systems, classical and quantum applications in medical diagnostics, and the physics of different medical imaging techniques such as optical and electron microscopy, ultrasound, X-ray, CT scan, MRI, and radionuclide imaging. The physics prerequisites for this course are PHY2053C and 2054C or PHY2048C and PHY2049C. The level of mathematical skills necessary to complete this course is a strong proficiency with algebra.

The course will consist of discussions, lectures, demos, and perhaps a few out of class, optional activities. We will use the text, but may not cover all topics. In addition, some topics not included in the book will be discussed. The specific topics covered will be at least partially driven by YOUR interests and questions. So, please ask questions!


Course Details

Class Meetings: The Tuesday and Thursday course meetings will be in UPL 212. Times are 3:30 - 4:45 PM. These classes involve mainly lectures, discussions, problem solving, as well as some demonstrations, student presentations, and guest seminars. Attending the classes is very important and class participation is part of the final grade.

Course Material and Information: This syllabus, lecture notes, supplementary materials, solutions to homework and exam problems, and other important announcements can be found on the course CANVAS site.

Textbook: There is no single textbook that encompasses the range of topics to be covered in this course; however, the primary textbook we will be using is Physics in Biology and Medicine, 4th Edition, by Paul Davidovits and published by Academic Press.

Class Participation: Class participation includes asking and answering questions. If you do not actively participate in class, your performance (and grade) on homework and exams will suffer and you are unlikely to do well. It is expected that everyone will be engaged in the class.

Pre-class Preparation: It is expected that you will have read the appropriate sections of the book prior to class. The schedule is on the course calendar (available from the main course website). Some of the homework questions (see below) will be related to the upcoming material and will test that you have read the chapter.

Homework: Success in this course depends to a large extent on the effort put into completing the weekly homework assignments. The homework will be a significant component of the final grade, and it is the best way to prepare for the exams.

Homework will be assigned weekly (or thereabouts) and will include problems from the text as well as problems from other sources. Discussion of homework problems is encouraged, however everyone must do and turn in their own work. Each of you is responsible for understanding the solution and submitting your own individual answers. Participating in a closed online group is considered unauthorized group work and is a violation of FSU's Honor Code (see item 3).

Homework is due by 11:59 PM on the due date (usually Sunday). Late Homework Policy: Unless you have made previous arrangements or have a valid reason (such as sickness, accident, death in family, etc.), the grade for any homework turned in after the solutions have been posted on Canvas will count toward your final grade with 1/2 its normal weight (i.e. 100 % will be recorded as 50 %, etc.).

Exams: There will be two mid-term exams and a final exam. The final exam is cumulative.

Exams will offer some choice of problems and the class periods before the midterms and final exams will be used for review. The review will be driven by your questions. I will not attempt to cover everything that could be on the exam, nor will I give a synopsis of the exam.

The use of any electronic device other than a calculator on a quiz or exam is a violation of the Honor Code. Requested formulas will be posted for the entire class before quizzes start. A formula sheet will be provided for the midterms and final exams.

Presentation/Project: Each student is required to give a Power Point presentation on a topic related to the course. Alternatively, a paper can be written instead of giving a presentation. Tentatively, each presentation will be about 20 minutes long with five additional minutes for questions and answers. The presentation should cover applications of physics to biology or biomedicine, which means it should include both physics and its applications. The presentations will take place in class in the last week of classes. A one-page synopsis of the presentation subject must be submitted to the instructor by 2022 March 24.

Class Absences: Active participation is critical to the class; however, absences may occur. In general, there are four acceptable excuses for missing class: illness or medical emergency, religious holiday, family emergency, and approved university activity. To receive an excused absence, you must provide a signed paper note explaining why you were absent, what work you missed, and what you will do to make it up. Documentation for absences should be stapled to the note. You are not penalized for excused absences. Advance notice is required for religious holidays and approved university activities. Advance notice for other emergencies would be greatly appreciated. Unexcused absences will result in grade adjustments.

Completion and Grading of the Course: A student will have completed the course and will be eligible for a grade better than "F" only if the student does the following:

  • Participate in the student presentation;
  • Take the final exam on Monday, April 25, at 10:00 AM - 12:00 Noon.
The final course grade will be calculated using the scores from class participation, homework, mid-term exams, student presentation, and the final examination.

Learning Environment: The goal of the course is for you to learn physics. There are many resources to help you learn, including your book, your classmates, your instructor, and the class web page. You should take advantage of as many of these as you need in order to learn the material. If, at any point during the course, you feel your performance is slipping, immediately seek assistance. Please do not wait until the day before the midterm or final exam to ask for help. I am available to help during class, office hours, and other hours by appointment. Please send e-mail or call my office to make sure I am available during non-office hours.

This is a college course and we expect an appropriate learning environment. If you use your cell phone for a call, texting, or web browsing you will be asked to leave the classroom, and you will not receive credit for being present that day. Using a cell phone for any purpose during a quiz or exam is considered a violation of the academic honor policy (see below).

University Attendance Policy: Excused absences include documented illness, deaths in the family and other documented crises, calls to active military duty or jury duty, religious holy days, and official University activities. These absences will be accommodated in a way that does not arbitrarily penalize students who have a valid excuse. Consideration will also be given to students whose dependent children experience serious illness.

Academic Honor Policy: The Florida State University Academic Honor Policy outlines the University's expectations for the integrity of students' academic work, the procedures for resolving alleged violations of those expectations, and the rights and responsibilities of students and faculty members throughout the process. Students are responsible for reading the Academic Honor Policy and for living up to their pledge to "... be honest and truthful and ... [to] strive for personal and institutional integrity at Florida State University." (Florida State University Academic Honor Policy, found at http://fda.fsu.edu/Academics/Academic-Honor-Policy )

Americans With Disabilities Act: Florida State University (FSU) values diversity and inclusion; we are committed to a climate of mutual respect and full participation. Our goal is to create learning environments that are usable, equitable, inclusive, and welcoming. FSU is committed to providing reasonable accommodations for all persons with disabilities in a manner that is consistent with academic standards of the course while empowering the student to meet integral requirements of the course.

To receive academic accommodations, a student: (1) must register with and provide documentation to the Office of Accessibility Services (OAS); (2) must provide a letter from OAS to the instructor indicating the need for accommodation and what type; and, (3) should communicate with the instructor, as needed, to discuss recommended accommodations. A request for a meeting may be initiated by the student or the instructor.

Please note that instructors are not allowed to provide classroom accommodations to a student until appropriate verification from the Office of Accessibility Services has been provided.

This syllabus and other class materials are available in alternative format upon request.

For more information about services available to FSU students with disabilities, contact the: Student Disability Resource Center, 874 Traditions Way, 108 Student Services Building, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4167, (850) 644-9566 (voice), (850) 644-8504 (TDD), sdrc@admin.fsu.edu, or online at http://www.disabilitycenter.fsu.edu/

Syllabus Change Policy: Except for changes that substantially affect implementation of the evaluation (grading) statement, this syllabus is a guide for the course and is subject to change with advance notice.


Grading

In order to foster cooperation and collaboration among as many of you as possible, grades will based on an absolute scale. This means that helping others will not jeopardize your grades, it will, most likely, improve your grade as explaining concepts to others helps develop understanding for yourself.

Your final grade will be based on Class Participation (15%), Homework (20%), Midterm Exam I (15%), Midterm Exam II (15%), Semester Presentation/Project (15%), and the Final Exam (20%). I do not impose a "curve" on the course to force a certain number of A's, B's, etc. Everyone can get an A, if you earn it. The base grading scale will be > 90 % A/A-, 80-90 % B-/B/B+, 70-80 % C-/C/C+, 70-60 % D, < 60 % F. Incompletes will be given only when all work before the final exam has been satisfactorily completed and the final exam is missed for a legitimate reason.


Tentative Class Schedule* 

DATE

WEEK

CHAPTER-SECTION

Jan 3 - 7

1

Introduction and Review of Waves

Jan 10 - 14

2

Sound and Waves; Hearing and the Ear

Jan 17 - 21

3

Anatomy of the Ear; Clinical Use of Sound; Electromagnetic Waves

Jan 24 - 28

4

Lenses; Vision and the Eye

Jan 31 - Feb 4

5

Vision Correction and Optical Instruments; Midterm I

Thursday, February 03

5

Midterm Exam I (tentative)

Feb 7 - 11

6

Electricity: Forces, Fields, Flux, Potential

Feb 14 - 18

7

Electricity in Biological Systems; The Nervous System

Feb 21 - 25

8

Electrical Technology (ECG & EEG); Magnetism: Field and Forces

Feb 28 - Mar 4

9

Biomagnetism (MCG & MEG); Cell Membrane; Transport through Neutral Membrane

Mar 7 - 11

10

Osmosis; Edema and Hemodialysis

Thursday, March 10

10

Midterm Exam II (tentative)

Mar 14 - 18

11

Spring Break

Mar 21 - 25

12

Review of Atomic Physics; Medical Imaging (X-ray)

Mar 28 - Apr 1

13

Computerized Tomography; Medical Imaging (Ultrasound)

Apr 4 - 8

14

Review of Nuclear Physics; Dosimetry

Apr 11 - 15

15

Nuclear Medicine; Radionuclide Imaging; Radiation Therapy; Risks of Radiation

Apr 18 - 22

16

Outstanding Questions; Presentation of Semester Projects

Monday, April 25


FINAL EXAM

* Except for changes that substantially affect implementation of the evaluation (grading) statement, this syllabus is a guide for the course and is subject to change with advance notice.

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